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Basic elastomers for O-Rings

The following paragraph briefly reviews various elastomers currently available for use in O-Rings and other seals.

 EPM, EPDM (Ethylene-Propylene Rubber)

There are two types of the ethylene-propylene rubbers:

• EPM, a fully saturated copolymer of ethylene and propylene and

• EPDM, a terpolymer of ethylene, propylene and a small percentage of a non-conjugated diene

The EPM rubbers, being completely saturated, require organic peroxides or radiation for vulcanization.

The EPDM terpolymers can be vulcanized with peroxides, sulphur or radiation.

The properties of EPM and EPDM rubbers are basically the same. EPDM is the most common sealing material. It has a fair tensile strength over a wide range and excellent resistance to ozone, weathering and chemical attack. Furthermore, EPM and EPDM rubbers exhibit very good electrical insulation properties.

Sulphur-cured compounds have a higher compression set and are less resistant to high temperatures. Peroxide-cured compounds exhibit excellent heat ageing properties and resistance to compression set up to 150°C.

EPDM compounds are resistant to: hot water and steam, non petroleum-based automotive brake fluids, aqueous solutions of inorganic acids, alkalis and salts, alcohols, glycols, ketones (acetone, MEK) and low molecular weight esters.

Their resistance to animal and vegetable oils and fats is moderate.

EPDM is not resistant to mineral oil based fluids and greases, synthetic hydrocarbon lubricants, organic ester based lubricants and hydrocarbon fuels.

• Specification O-Ring Size Chart 1
• International O-Ring Size Standards